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Japanese Coinage During the Imperial Modernization
The Meiji era (1868-1912) represents a pivotal period in Japanese history, marked by a rapid modernization of political, economic, and industrial institutions. Among the major reforms was the transformation of the monetary system. Before 1871, the country used a complex set of regional currencies inherited from the shogunate, making trade difficult. The monetary reform of 1871 introduced the yen, divided into 100 sen, following a decimal model inspired by Western powers.
The new imperial coinage combines modern minting techniques with traditional Japanese symbols. The first silver issues present a very recognizable style: imperial dragons, bilingual inscriptions, and a balanced composition intended for both domestic circulation and international recognition of modern Japan.
In this context, the 5 sen coins appear, small silver coins intended for everyday transactions, but now particularly sought after for their artistic quality and historical importance.
The 5 sen, Year 8 of the Meiji Era (1875)
The 5 sen coin minted in 1875 belongs to the very first series resulting from the monetary reform. Made of silver, it still reflects the founding style of Meiji coinage.
The obverse is dominated by a finely engraved imperial dragon, a symbol of power and protection, encircled by inscriptions mentioning the country's name and the date of reign. The reverse presents the value in Japanese characters, surrounded by a decorative crown evoking abundance and stability. The whole reflects the balance sought between Asian iconographic tradition and modern monetary standards.
This issue occurs at a time when Japan is consolidating the foundations of its new centralized state. The economy is being restructured, infrastructure is developing, and currency becomes an essential tool to support national integration and the country's commercial opening.