Coin Italy Vittorio Emanuele II - 50 Silver Centesimi - 1863 T Turin

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Between 1863 and 1867, the Kingdom of Italy, unified since 1861, struggled to consolidate its political and institutional existence. Victor Emmanuel II, the first King of Italy, faced deep internal tensions: endemic brigandage in the South, economic and fiscal difficulties, and regional resistance. Rome remained under papal control, protected by the French troops of Napoleon III, which represented a major obstacle to the completion of unification. The September Convention of 1864 provided for the gradual withdrawal of French troops and was accompanied by the transfer of the capital from Turin to Florence, which took effect in February 1865. On the foreign policy front, Italy sought to establish itself as a European power, particularly with regard to Venetia, still under Austrian domination. The Third War of Independence in 1866 led to its annexation by the Kingdom of Italy. The issuance of this coin falls within the context of the construction of the new unified state, for which monetary and administrative unification represented an essential challenge for national cohesion and the assertion of royal authority.